CIFOESCOLIOSIS CONGÉNITA CON HEMIVÉRTEBRA: SERIE DE 14 CASOS Y REVISIÓN DE LA LITERATURA
CONGENITAL KYPHOSCOLIOSIS WITH HEMIVERTEBRA: A 14-CASE SERIES AND LITERATURE REVIEW
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51437/nj.v30i2.443Keywords:
columna vertebral, escoliosis congénita, diagnóstico, tratamientoAbstract
Resúmen
Antecedentes: La hemivértebra resulta de una anomalía en el desarrollo del cuerpo vertebral y es causa de escoliosis congénita.
Objetivo: Describir la experiencia con la corrección quirúrgica de la cifoescoliosis congénita con hemivértebra y revisar la literatura para orientar su diagnóstico y manejo oportuno.
Material y métodos: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo de serie de casos, desde enero de 2006 a julio de 2017, mediante la revisión de las historias clínicas de los pacientes menores de 14 años incluídos.
Resultados: Se incluyeron 14 pacientes con edades comprendidas entre 3 meses y 13 años, con una edad media de 6,9 años, el 78,6% eran varones. El seguimiento osciló entre 18 y 144 meses. Dos pacientes se perdieron durante el seguimiento. Se documentaron veintidós hemivértebras, 10 en la columna torácica (45,4%), seis en la columna cervical (27,3%) y seis en la columna lumbar (27,3%). El procedimiento quirúrgico más común fue la resección de hemivértebras junto con fusión instrumentada, retirándose el material de osteosíntesis en cuatro pacientes con ≥2 años de seguimiento. Tres pacientes tuvieron complicaciones no neurológicas.
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