Neuroimagen en hematoma epidural
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.51437/nj.v31i2.410Palabras clave:
Trauma craneoencefálico, Hematoma epidural craneal., Neuroimagen.Resumen
OBJETIVO: El hematoma epidural intracraneal (HE) es una acumulación de sangre localizada en el espacio entre la placa interna de la bóveda craneal y la capa externa de la duramadre. Como la EH es una de las complicaciones graves del traumatismo craneoencefálico, la tomografía computarizada es el examen de elección. El tratamiento ideal es la cirugía, con buen pronóstico. MÉTODOS: Se seleccionaron artículos de las bases de datos PubMed, Scielo y libros de neurorradiología, utilizando los siguientes términos: Neurorradiología, lesión cerebral traumática, hematoma epidural intracraneal. Se seleccionaron los trabajos desde 1977 hasta 2020. RESULTADOS: Se seleccionaron los artículos más citados sobre el tema de neurorradiología y EH intracraneal. A menudo se encuentra en hombres y jóvenes entre 10 y 30 años. Las causas más frecuentes de EH intracraneal son los accidentes de tráfico y las caídas. El cuadro clínico se caracteriza por dolor de cabeza, náuseas y vómitos. En la tomografía computarizada craneal, el HE suele aparecer como una colección extraaxial hiperdensa. CONCLUSIONES: La neuroimagen demostró ser útil en el diagnóstico, manejo y pronóstico de los pacientes con EH intracraneal.
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